Which of the following best explains inductive reasoning?

Inductive reasoning is a logical process that involves drawing broad generalizations based on specific observations or instances. When using inductive reasoning, an individual looks at particular examples and identifies patterns or trends that can lead to a generalized conclusion. For instance, if someone observes that a certain type of bird can fly and concludes that all birds can fly, they are employing inductive reasoning.

This method contrasts with deductive reasoning, which starts with a general statement or hypothesis and examines the possibilities to reach a specific, logical conclusion. By focusing on specific evidence and then generalizing from that evidence, inductive reasoning allows for conclusions that are not absolutely certain but are likely based on the data gathered. Therefore, option B most accurately describes the essence and process of inductive reasoning.